Avaliação das práticas de higiene nos serviços de restauração da Universidade Eduardo Mondlane / Evaluation of hygiene practices in the food services of the Eduardo Mondlane University Mondlane University (UEM)

O presente trabalho tinha como objectivo avaliar as práticas de higiene associadas aos factores de riscos de doenças bacterianas de origem alimentar nos serviços de restauração da Universidade Eduardo Mondlane. O estudo foi realizado nos serviços de restauração da UEM de Maputo e Inhambane. Foram inqueridos, através de um questionário de perguntas semi-estruturadas, 37 trabalhadores com a categoria de cozinheiros e auxiliares de cozinha, foram visitadas as instalações e tiraram-se algumas fotografias por meio de uma máquina fotográfica digital da marca SAMSUNG. 80% dos inquiridos tinha escolaridade básica; 48% eram do sexo feminino e 52% masculino, a idade dos inquiridos variava de 22 a 57 anos e o tempo de serviço de 3 a 31 anos. Segundo os resultados do estudo os inquiridos têm consciência da necessidade de implementação das práticas correctas de higiene no decurso das suas actividades de modo a prevenir as doenças de origem alimentar. Contudo, foram observadas práticas que constituem factores de risco para a ocorrência de doenças bacterianas de origem alimentar. Os factores de risco observados estavam relacionados a prática incorrectas de armazenamento, higiene pessoal e geral, manipulação das sobras de alimentos, acondicionamento de lixo e controle de pragas. Conclui-se que a falta de observância de práticas correctas de higiene nos serviços de restauração concorre para o surgimento de doenças bacterianas de origem alimentar. Recomenda-se a implementação de programas educativos integrados regulares no sector, supervisão permanente e encorajamento de mudanças de comportamento na manipulação de alimentos.

The objective of the present study was to assess the practices of hygiene associated to the risks of foodborne diseases at restauration services of Eduardo Mondlane University (UEM). The study took place at services of restauration of UEM of Maputo and Inhambane; the data was collated using a questionnaire, with semi-structure questions. The questionnaire was submitted to 37 works namely cookers and auxiliaries of cookers, the installations were visited and some photography was taken using a SUMSUNG digital camera. 80% of the enquired has basic education; 48% were female and 52 were male; the age of the enquired varied from 22 to 57 years and the period of time of work varied from 3 to 31 years. According to the results of the study the inquired was aware about the need of the implementation of correct practices of hygiene during the work in order to avoid the foodborne diseases. However, was observed practices which constitute risk factor to the occurrence of foodborne diseases. The risk factors observed were related to storage, general and personal hygiene and handle of leftover, waste and pest control. It was concluded that the lack of correct practices of hygiene in the service of restauration constitute risk factor for the occurrence of foodborne diseases. It recommends the implementation of regular program of education, permanent supervision and encouraging of change of behaver in the handle of food.

Wastewater and Solid Waste Disposal Patterns of Dukem Town Households in Ethiopia

The objective of this descriptive; cross-sectional study was to assess wastewater and solid waste management by the households of Dukem; a town in Ethiopia. A total of 391 households were selected using stratified random sampling techniques. Face-to-face interviews were carried out with respondents by asking questions about wastewater and solid waste management in the households. A majority (75.1) of households used unsafe wastewater disposal methods. Approximately two thirds (67.7) of households had a temporary storage container in their compound in which to store solid waste. 53.3 of households used a safe solid waste disposal method. Only 4.9 of the households used waste as manure (compost) for home gardening. More than a quarter (28.1) of households practised burning waste on their premises. The availability of safe wastewater disposal facilities was significantly associated with private home ownership and family size (p-value 0.05). There was no significant association between the availability of safe solid waste disposal facilities and owning a private home or family size (p-value 0.05). Generally; there were inadequate domestic wastewater and solid waste disposal facilities in the studied households. Thus; there is a need for improved waste management in the households. Environmental health and health education programmes should be emphasised in order to improve practices of household waste management